大学英语新六级汉译英专项练习（附答案及解析）(3)

as though he were delivering a speech at an assembly
（考点：as if / as though引导的从句中用过去式表示和现在事实相反或对现在情况有所怀疑）    
Jack (should) be sent to hospital right now
（考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词所接的宾语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式）    
more mobile shops (should) be set up in the residential area
（考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词所接的主语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式）    
they (should) set up a special board/committee to examine this problem
（考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的名词所接的表语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式）
the mid-term exams (should) be canceled
（考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的名词所接的同位语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式）
[表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词及其名词常见的有：advise (advice), agree (agreement), decide (decision), decree, demand, determine (determination), grant, indicate (indication), insist (insistence), order, prefer (preference), propose (proposal), request, require (requirement), resolve (resolution), stipulate (stipulation), suggest(suggestion), urge, vote;常见的这类动词还有：allow, arrange, ask, beg, concede, demonstrate, ensure, intend, move, pledge, pray等]
we (should) be short of water in a country where it is always raining
（考点：在It is/was +形容词后的that从句中常用“sb. should do”的形式表示建议惊奇等。这类形容词常见的有：advisable, anxious, appropriate, compulsory, crucial, desirable, eager, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, improper, natural, necessary, obligatory, preferable, proper, urgent, vital, willing等）   
everyone (should) be prepared for emergency
（考点：同上）   
If he had booked tickets in the way I told him
（考点：在非真实条件句中用过去完成式表示与过去的事实相反）   
if I had not been interrupted
（考点：同上）   
If it had rained, the ground would be wet
（考点：在非真实条件句中，当主句与从句表示的动作不是同时发生时，就根据情况用适当的谓语动词形式）      
If I had been living in New York
（考点：同上）   
he would be dead now
（考点：同上）   
we could not have rent a house at such a low price
（考点：but for经常作为非真实条件句中if的代用语）      
otherwise, it would have taken me more time to work out this question
（考点：otherwise也经常作为非真实条件句中if的代用语）      
I would seize the opportunity without hesitation
（考点：在非真实条件句中如果有were, had, should这三个词，可以省去if，采用主谓语倒装的形式来表示条件） 
this act would have been passed much earlier
（考点：同上）   
the continued existence of the human race would be in jeopardy
（考点：同上）   
lest he should awaken the baby
（考点：lest (以免)引导的从句通常用sb. should do的形式表示虚拟）     
 
六、不定式
to complete a 24-story building in 10 months
（考点：不定式作主语时常用it作形式主语放在句首代替不定式，而将不定式移到谓语后面）   
for us to have a good night’s sleep before the test
（考点：有时用“介词for + 代词/名词”来表示不定式的逻辑主语，这时整句的谓语描述的对象是事情，这种情况下谓语中常用的形容词有：necessary, important, possible, impossible, all right, essential等）
of you to donate so much money to the people in the disaster area
（考点：有时用“介词of + 代词/名词”来表示不定式的逻辑主语，这时整句的谓语描述的对象是人，这种情况下谓语中常用的形容词有：absurd, bold, brave, careful, careless, cowardly, cruel, foolish, generous, good, honest, kind, nice, polite, rude, selfish, silly, stupid, thoughtful, thoughtless, wicked, wise, wrong等）
not to punish those students who had been late for class
（考点：1. 用不定式结构作decide的宾语；2.不定式的否定形式是在to前加not）
（能带不定式作宾语的动词常见的有：afford, agree, ask, attempt, beg, begin, bother, care, choose, claim, consent, decide, demand, desire, dislike, endeavor, expect, fail, fear, forget, happen, hate, help, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, like, love, manage, mean, neglect, offer, plan, pledge, prefer, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, remember, resolve, start, threaten, undertake, venture, volunteer, vow, want, wish）
whether to visit their son in France
（考点：“疑问词+不定式”作动词wonder的宾语。能以这种结构作宾语的动词通常有ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, forget, guess, know, learn, observe, remember, see, tell, understand, wonder等）  
warned me just now not to water flowers at noon
（考点：不定式作宾语补语）   
invited him to give us a lecture on modern art
（考点：同上）
（能带不定式结构作宾语补语的动词有advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, challenge, command, compel, enable, determine, encourage, expect, feel, find, force, get, hate, have, hear, help, inform invite, let, like, make, mean, need, notice, notify, oblige, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, require, see, send, teach, tell, tempt, trouble, urge, want, warn, watch, wish等。注：划线的动词后面的不定式不带to）      
to be the chairman of students’ union in so large a university
（考点：动词 + it + 形容词/名词 + 不定式。it是形式宾语，不定式是真正宾语）
to apply what we have learned in class to practice
（考点：不定式作定语）
（不定式常用作以下名词/代词的定语：ability, ambition, anything, attempt, capability, chance, curiosity, desire, decision, determination, effort, failure, intention, need, nothing, opportunity, place, plan, promise, reason, right, something, tendency, time, way, wish等）      
ruined our plan to show the film in the open air
（考点：同上）   
the decision to build a nuclear power station in the suburbs
（考点：同上）   
American woman to explore the outer space
（考点：由only, last, next，序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式作定语）      
only to drop it on their own feet
（考点：不定式作结果状语）   
to meet a high school classmate in the mountain village
（考点：不定式作原因状语）   
to have taken up so much of your time
（考点：1. 不定式作原因状语；2. 不定式的完成时） 
to be standing in the doorway when he rushed in
（考点：不定式的进行式）      
to be treated as a guest
（考点：不定式的被动形式）   

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