大学英语新六级汉译英专项练习（附答案及解析）

    
一、汉译英应试原则和基本程序
（一）汉译英应试原则
手法灵活（如遇难译之处，换用其它相近说法表达）
语法正确（避免时态、语态、单复数等语法错误）
内容忠实（必须把原文的内容准确而完整地表达出来，不得有任何歪曲、遗漏或增删）
语言闪光（译文符合英语表达习惯，且用词准确、多样）
（二）汉译英基本程序
1．理解  通读并透彻理解原文含义
2．翻译  确定译文句子的时态、句型、结构和用词
3．审校  首先检查译文是否正确地转述了原文内容，是否有错译和漏译；其次，检查是否有语言上的明显错误，如时态、语态、单复数、拼写、大小写、标点符号等。发现错误，及时改正。
 
二、汉译英专项练习
一、倍数增减的表示法
Force N1 _______________(比力N2大2.5倍).
This substance _______________(反应速度是另外那种物质的三倍).
The earth _______________(是月球大小的49倍).
The landlord _______________(想将租金提高三分之一).
They _______________(计划将投资增加一倍).
 
二、时态
Be quick, _______________(否则等我们到达教堂时婚礼就已经结束了).  
When she got home, _______________(孩子们已经睡着了). 
When I prepare for the college entrance examination, _______________(我姐姐将在海边度假).
I_______________(一上午都在修改我的简历).
Do you often go on holiday? _______________(不，我已经有五年没有度假了).
He joined the army in October, 2001. _______________(他参军已五年了).
 
三、被动语态
The blackboard and chalk _______________(正在被电脑和投影机所取代).
The book _______________(到今年年底就将已出版).
Computer models _______________(可以用来演示细胞工作的方式).  
When the bill of fare was brought, _______________(我惊呆了，价格大大超出了我的预料).
_______________(必须立即采取有效措施)to eliminate sandy storms.
 
四、情态动词
The phone is ringing, _______________(但是没人接听。她一定不在家).
I can’t find my sunglasses. _______________(我可能昨天落在咖啡店里了).
You screamed in your sleep last night. _______________(你一定梦见什么可怕的东西了).
It’s a pity. _______________(你本应该邀请她来参加你的毕业典礼的).
_______________(其实我没必要穿上我最好的套装去参加那次聚会的); most of the guests were wearing jeans and sweaters.
 
五、虚拟语气
I wish _______________(我年轻的时候有你们这样的机会).
If only _______________(他知道这病是可以治好的)! Then he would not have killed himself.
—— Would you like him to paint your door with yellow stars?
—— I’d rather he _______________(漆成蓝色的，而且不带任何装饰).
It’s high time that _______________(采取措施解决交通堵塞的问题).
Hugh usually talks _______________(仿佛在大会上发表演说似的).
We insist that _______________(让杰克立刻进医院).
It was advised that _______________(在居民区设立更多的流动商店).
His proposal was that _______________(他们成立一个专门委员会来检查这个问题).
We are going to discuss his suggestion that _______________(取消期中考试).
It is ridiculous that _______________(我们在一个总是下雨的国家还缺水).
It is essential that _______________(每个人都为紧急情况做好准备).
_______________(如果他按照我告诉他的办法订票), we would have had quite a comfortable journey.
I was to have made a speech _______________(要不是有人把我的话打断了).
It didn’t rain last night. _______________(要是下了，地就会湿的).
_______________(如果我一直住在纽约), I would know the U.S. well now.
If the doctor had not come in time, _______________(他现在就不在人间了).
But for his help, _______________(我们就不会以这么低的价格租到房子了).
I used my calculator; _______________(否则，我会花更长的时间才能算出这道题).
Were I in your place, _______________(我会毫不犹豫地抓住机会).
Had it not been for their opposition, _______________(这项法案早就通过了).
Should there be another world war, _______________(人类的继续存在就会有危险).
He walked lightly _______________(以免惊醒婴儿).
 
六、不定式
It was a great achievement _______________(10个月建成一栋24层的楼).
It is necessary _______________(我们在考试前好好地睡一晚上觉).
It is generous _______________(你把这么多钱捐给灾区人民).
The teacher decided _______________(不惩罚那些上课迟到的学生).
Mr. Green was wondering _______________ (是否去看望在法国的儿子).
The gardener _______________(刚才警告我不要在中午给花浇水).
We _______________(请他给我们做有关现代艺术的讲座).
He feels it challenging _______________(在这么大一所大学做学生会主席).
We hope to have more opportunities _______________(把我们在课堂上学到的东西应用于实践).
The bad weather _______________(破坏了我们在露天放电影的计划).
The environmentalists are against _______________(在郊区建一座核电站的决定).
Sally Ride was the first _______________(探索外部空间的美国妇女).
They lifted a rock _______________(结果砸了自己的脚).
He was surprised _______________(在这个山村遇见一个中学同学).
I am sorry _______________(占用了您这么多时间).
I happened _______________(在他冲进来的时候站在门口).
She doesn’t like _______________(被当作客人).
If you want to save money, you’d better _______________(到校园书店买旧书).
We did nothing _______________(除了整天打桥牌).
We were made _______________(进屋之前在垫子上擦擦脚).
 
七、分词
This is the first time that I heard _______________(用意大利语唱“祝你生日快乐”).
The cars _______________(停在消防通道的) will be ticketed.
The war went on for years, _______________(夺去了成千上万人的生命).
The farmers used a new insecticide, thus _______________(将平均产量提高了15%).
Einstein watched the toy in delight, _______________(想推导出它的运转原理).
_______________(看到大家都在聚精会神地看书), we stopped talking and began to study. 
_______________(被这个男孩的事迹深深打动了), they decided to pay for his education.
_______________(从一个年轻朋友的眼光来看), Einstein was a simple, modest and ordinary man. 
_______________(好久没有收到父母的来信了), he was worried about them.
 
八、动名词
_______________(每天洗冷水澡) does him a lot of good.
They tried to avoid _______________(让女儿做她不喜欢的事情).
Developing varieties is the key to _______________(使我们的产品进入国际市场).
It is no use _______________(为洒了的牛奶而哭泣). 
He denied_______________(偷看了同桌的试卷). 
We congratulated her on _______________(被提升为经理).
 
九、非谓语动词用法区别
Success means _______________(非常努力地工作). 
John meant _______________(开车去那儿，但他的车出了故障).
I heard him _______________(在跟他的母亲谈话).
I heard him _______________(跟他的母亲谈了一个小时).
He jumped into the pool to save the child _______________(结果却摔断了自己的腿).

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