新概念英语第四册语法精讲原文笔记听力答案流畅影音mp3

新概念英语第四册语法精讲原文笔记听力答案流畅影音mp3

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IV. Methods of Translation 翻译的方法

In translation from English into Chinese, the principal methods used are:
1. Literal translation (metaphase)
2. Literal translation (paraphrase)
3. Transliteration (translation according to pronunciation)

The last one, however, is scarcely used unless it is absolutely necessary. Transliteration is mainly used in translating proper nouns, such as names of persons, places, scientific terms and etc. Whether a translation will be faithful to be the original in all the aspects depends on the possibility of finding the closest, the most natural equivalence（为原文在文体上找到最切近、最自然的对等语）depends on to a great extent a good command of the transformation of the key sentence and the choice of surface structure by a translator （在很大程度上取决于译者能否准确地掌握核心句的转化以及对表层形式的选择）.

heartbreaking              令人心碎的
eye-popping               使人膛目的
a belt-tightening            勒紧裤带的政策
a wait-and-see attitude      等着瞧的态度
crack the case              破案
thirst to learn               渴望学习

These examples are comparatively ideal sentence with great affinity, which can be translated by way of metaphase.
eat (swallow) the leek        （吃芹菜）→ 忍受耻辱
lie on one's back            （躺在背上）→ 仰卧
kiss-me                    （吻我）（野生）→ 三色紫罗兰
kiss-me-quick               （快来吻我吧）→ 额发
see with half an eye         （睁一只眼，闭一只眼）→ 一望便知
have a cigar                （请抽烟！）→ 你好！
forget-me-not               （不要忘记我）→ 勿忘我

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