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举例

高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题解答技巧

1.通过定义或释义关系来推测词义

例如：But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time. Then there is a dry period，or drought. 从drought所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的时期，即drought，由此可见drought意思为"久旱"，"旱灾"。而a dry period和drought是同义语。这种同义或释义关系常由is，or，that is，in other words，be called或破折号等来表示。

2.通过句法功能来推测词义

例如：Bananas，oranges，pineapples，coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.假如pineapples和coconuts是生词，我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大致的意思。从句中不难看出pineapples，coconuts和bananas，oranges是同类关系，同属fruit类，因此它们是两样水果，准确地说，是菠萝和椰子。

3.通过描述猜词

描述即作者对该人或该物作出的外在相貌或内在特征的描写。例如：The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole. It is fat and walks in a funny way. Although it cannot fly，it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.从例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一种生活在南极的鸟类。后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活习性。

4. 根据常识猜词

如：The door was so low that he hit his head on the lintel.（lintel “过梁”。）

Afraid of waking the baby up, she tiptoed out of the room.（tiptoed “踮着脚走，蹑手蹑脚”）

 

The 17th-century Irish farmer Rober Cook was the most unusual person in County Waterford. he always wore white linen. His underwear, night clothes and shirts were all in white, and so were his suits, coats and hats. He became so famous for his clothes and his love for white that he was known all over Ireland as “Linen Cook”.

He refused to have any brown cows in the field of his farm at Cappoquin and even his horses had to be the same pure white as his clothes.

Cook was a eager vegetarian and refused to eat the flesh of any animal or to wear anything produced by an animal.

A fox which attacked (袭击) his chickens was not killed when it was caught. Instead, he gave it a talk on the evils (罪恶) of murder, then offered it a sporting chance by making it run through a line of his farm workers, who had sticks.

Cook had a long and healthy life and showed that “water for drink, vegetables for food and linen and other plant life for clothing were enough to live on.”

He died in 1726 when he was over eighty years old and was buried in a white linen shroud (寿衣).

1. The man the writer tells us about is a ____ .

A. person who has a strange habit B. famous person all over the world

C. healthy man D. man who lived a long life

2. From the passage we can know that ____ .

A. he wasn’t married all his life

B. he didn’t wear leather(皮的) shoes or woolen(毛的) clothes

C. he disliked the colour brown most

D. he died at the age of 80

3. “Vegetarians”are people who do not ____ .

A. buy animals B. kill animals C. eat animals D. keep animals

4. We can inferred from the passage that the fox wasn’t killed by Robert Cook, but perhaps ____ .

A. it could understand what it did was bad after Robert gave it a talk on the evils of murder.

B. it had sports together with Robert’s farm workers

C. it was given a chance to run away

D. it had got a beat from Robert’s farm workers

5. “water for drink, vegetables for food and linen and other plant life for clothing were enough to live on.” That is ____ .

A. the conclusion drawn by the writer B. the words of Robert Cook

C. a saying D. the belief of a certain famous person

答案

1A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5 B