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举例

    Thirteen vehicles lined up last March to race across the Mojave Desert, seeking a million in prize money. To win, they had to finish the 142-mile race in less than 10 hours. Teams and watchers knew there might be no winner at all, because these vehicles were missing a key part－drivers.

    DARPA, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, organized the race as part of a push to develop robotic vehicles for future battlefields. But the Grand Challenge, as it was called, just proved how difficult it is to get a car to speed across an unfamiliar desert without human guidance. One had its brake lock up in the starting area. Another began by throwing itself onto a wall. Another got tied up by bushes near the road after 1.9 miles.

    One turned upside down. One took off in entirely the wrong direction and had to be disabled by remote control. One went a little more than a mile and rushed into a fence; another managed to go for six miles but stuck on a rock. The "winner," if there was any, reached 7.8 miles before it ran into a long, narrow hole, and the front wheels caught on fire.

    "You get a lot of respect for natural abilities of the living things," says Reinhold Behringer, who helped design two of the car-size vehicles for a company called Sci-Autonics. "Even ants (蚂蚁) can do all these tasks effortlessly. It's very hard for us to put these abilities into our machines."

    The robotic vehicles, though with necessary modern equipment such as advanced computers and GPS guidance, had trouble figuring out fast enough the blocks ahead that a two-year-old human recognizes immediately. Sure, that very young child, who has just only learned to walk, may not think to wipe apple juice off her face, but she already knows that when there's a cookie in the kitchen she has to climb up the table, and that when she gets to the cookie it will taste good. She is more advanced, even months old, than any machine humans have designed.

（1）Watchers doubted if any of the vehicles could finish the race because     .            

A. they did not have any human guidance

B. the road was not familiar to the drivers

C. the distance was too long for the vehicles

D. the prize money was unattractive to the drivers

（2）DARPA organized the race in order to     .            

A. raise money for producing more robotic vehicles

B. push the development of vehicle industry

C. train more people to drive in the desert

D. improve the vehicles for future wars

（3）From the passage we know "robotic vehicles" are a kind of machines that      .            

A. can do effortlessly whatever tasks living thing can

B. can take part in a race across 142 miles with a time limit

C. can show off their ability to turn themselves upside down

D. can move from place to place without being driven by human beings

（4）In the last paragraph, the writer implies that there is a long way to go      .            

A. for a robotic vehicle to finish a 142-mile race without any difficulties

B. for a little child who has just learned to walk to reach the cookie on the table

C. for a robotic vehicle to deal with a simple problem that a little child can solve

D. for a little child to understand the importance of wiping apple juice off its face

【答案】 （1）A

（2）D

（3）D

（4）C   

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了DARPA组织一次汽车越野比赛，目的是想改进未来战场上的机器人汽车，并介绍了这些机器汽车的优点和缺点。

 （1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Teams and watchers knew there might be no winner at all, because these vehicles were missing a key part－drivers.”车队和观众都知道可能根本没有赢家，因为这些车缺少了一个关键的部分司机。可知，这些汽车都没有驾驶员。故选A。

 （2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“DARPA, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, organized the race as part of a push to develop robotic vehicles for future battlefields.”美国国防部高级研究计划局(DARPA)组织了这次比赛，作为推动未来战场机器人车辆发展的一部分。可以推测，DARPA组织这次比赛是军事目的是想改进未来战争用车，故选D。

 （3）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“But the Grand Challenge, as it was called, just proved how difficult it is to get a car to speed across an unfamiliar desert without human guidance.”但这项被称为“大挑战”的项目恰恰证明了，在没有人类引导的情况下，让一辆汽车快速穿越一片陌生的沙漠是多么困难。可以推断出“robotic vehicles”是一种不要人操作的汽车，故选D。

 （4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“she is more advanced...than any machine...”可知机器远不如人的智力。故选C。

 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。