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举例

高考英语阅读理解解题技巧

1.通过定义或释义关系来推测词义。

例如：But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time. Then there is a dry period，or drought. 从drought所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的时期，即drought，由此可见drought意思为"久旱"，"旱灾"。而a dry period和drought是同义语。这种同义或释义关系常由is，or，that is，in other words，be called或破折号等来表示。

2.通过句法功能来推测词义。

例如：Bananas，oranges，pineapples，coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.假如pineapples和coconuts是生词，我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大致的意思。从句中不难看出pineapples，coconuts和bananas，oranges是同类关系，同属fruit类，因此它们是两样水果，准确地说，是菠萝和椰子。

3.通过描述猜词。

描述即作者对该人或该物作出的外在相貌或内在特征的描写。例如：The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole. It is fat and walks in a funny way. Although it cannot fly，it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.从例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一种生活在南极的鸟类。后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活习性。

4.根据常识猜词。

如：The door was so low that he hit his head on the lintel.（lintel “过梁”。）

Afraid of waking the baby up, she tiptoed out of the room.（tiptoed “踮着脚走，蹑手蹑脚”）

 

The flying fox is not a fox at all. It is an extra large bat that has got a fox’s head, and that feeds on fruit instead of insects (昆虫). Like all bats, flying foxes hang themselves by their toes when at rest, and travel in great crowds when out flying. A group will live in one spot for years. Sometimes several hundred of them occupy (占据) a single tree. As they return to the tree toward sunrise, they quarrel among themselves and fight for the best places until long after daylight.

Flying foxes have babies once a year, giving birth to only one at a time. At first the mother has to carry the baby on her breast wherever she goes. Later she leaves it hanging up, and brings back food for it to eat. Sometimes a baby bat falls down to the ground and squeaks (尖叫) for help. Then the older ones swoop (俯冲) down and try to pick it up. If they fail to do so, it will die. Often hundreds of dead baby bats can be found lying on the ground at the foot of a tree.

1. The passage tells us that there is no difference between the flying fox and the ordinary bat in______.

A. their size. B. their appearance.

C. the kind of food they eat. D. the way they rest.

2. Flying foxes tend to ______.

A. double (翻一番) their number every year.

B. fight and kill a lot of themselves.

C. move from place to place constantly.

D. lose a lot of their young.

3. At daybreak every day flying foxes begin to______.

A. fly out toward the sun. B. look for a new resting place.

C. come back to their home. D. go out and look for food.

4. Flying foxes have fights ______.

A. to occupy the best resting places. B. only when it is dark.

C. to protect their homes from outsiders (外来者).

D. when there is not enough food.

5. How do flying foxes care for their young?

A. They only care for their own babies.

B. They share the feeding of their young.

C. They help when a baby bat is in danger.

D. They often leave home and forget their young.

答案

1D 2 D 3 C 4 A 5 C