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举例

阅读理解2

“Growing up, Einstein saw his father struggle to support the family and move the family for different jobs, Einstein had to move between schools and it was challenging for him to catch up with his new class.”

This story about the struggles(f +)of famous scientists can't be found in your science textbook, but a new study suggested maybe it should be.

In the study, 402 9th- and 10th-grade students from four New York City high schools in low-income areas were divided into three groups. The students read some 800-word stories about Albert Einstein and Marie Curie. The control group read a regular science textbook description about their great achievements. Another group read about the scientists' personal struggles, like Einstein's running away from Nazi Germany. The third group read about the scientists' intellectual struggles, as they tried different experiments--- and failed.

As it turned out. the students who had read about scientists' struggles, whether personal or intellectual, had higher grades than students who had read about achievements. Those who weren’t getting good grades to begin with gained the most. Those in the control group not only didn't see a grade increase, they had lower grades than the grading before the study began.

“We think that struggle stories showed scientists' weaknesses.” the researchers write, “which creates a sense of connection between the students and scientists. And that may make it easier for students to see them as role models.”

“When kids think Einstein is a talent who is untouchable, then they believe they will never get there, "said lead researcher Xiaodong Lin-Siegler, PhD. If we want to educate a future generation of great scientists, we can start by changing the way we talk about the great scientists of the past. An 800-word story about scientists’ failures, not just their achievements, in science textbooks will make it happen.

 

7. What does the article mainly talk about?

A. Learning about struggles of scientists may help students succeed in science.

B. Reading stories of scientists' achievements will help educate future scientists.

C. Science textbooks should describe scientists failures instead of their achievements.

D. Stories of scientists' struggles may make students see scientists as being untouchable.

8. From Paragraph 4, we can know that       .

A. those good at science achieved most from this exercise

B. the control group had lower grades than the other two groups

C. the students' grades in the control group remained the same

D. the students in the third group had the highest grades

9. What's the main idea for Paragraphs 5 and 6?

A. Findings of the study

B. Explanations from the researchers

C. Process of the stud

D. Suggestions from the researchers

10. In the study, which of the following would the third group probably read?

A. Einstein won many awards in his life, including the 1921 Nobel Prize in physics.

B. Going to college was hard for Curie because at that time women were not allowed to attend school. So, Curie had to study at secret classes.

C. By the time she reached college, Curie was able to understand five languages that top scientists spoke at that time.

D. Often working hour after hour and day after day. Curie devoted herself to solving challenging problems and learning from her mistakes.

 

【答案】7.A  8.B  9.B  10.D    

【解析】短文大意：本文通过对来自纽约市低收入地区四所高中的九年级和十年级学生的分组研究，科学家得出结论：读过科学家的奋斗经历的学生，无论是个人的还是智力的，都比读过科学家的成就的学生成绩要高。所以，如果我们想培养下一代的伟大科学家，我们可以从改变我们谈论过去伟大科学家的方式开始。

7. 题意：这篇文章主要讲了什么?考查文意理解题。根据短文内容和主题句If we want to educate a future generation of great scientists, we can start by changing the way we talk about the great scientists of the past.，可知了解科学家的奋斗可以帮助学生在科学上取得成功，故选A。

8. 题意：从第4段，我们可以知道      。考查细节理解题。A. those good at science achieved most from this exercise那些擅长科学的人从这个练习中收获最多；根据Those who weren’t getting good grades to begin with gained the most.，可知说法错误。B. the control group had lower grades than the other two groups对照组的成绩低于其他两组；根据Those in the control group not only didn't see a grade increase, they had lower grades than the grading before the study began.，可知说法正确。C. the students' grades in the control group remained the same对照组学生的成绩保持不变；根据Those in the control group not only didn't see a grade increase, they had lower grades than the grading before the study began.，可知说法错误。D. the students in the third group had the highest grades第三组的学生成绩最好；本段没有提及，可知说法错误。综合以上分析，故选B。

9. 题意：第5和第6段的大意是什么?考查段意理解题。A. Findings of the study研究结果；B. Explanations from the researchers研究人员的解释；C. Process of the stud螺柱加工；D. Suggestions from the researchers研究人员的建议。根据5和6段内容，可知是研究人员和首席研究员林晓东博士的解释，故选B。

10. 题意：在这项研究中，第三组可能会读下面哪一个?考查细节推断题。A. Einstein won many awards in his life, including the 1921 Nobel Prize in physics. 爱因斯坦一生中获得过许多奖项，包括1921年的诺贝尔物理学奖。B. Going to college was hard for Curie because at that time women were not allowed to attend school. So, Curie had to study at secret classes. 上大学对居里夫人来说很困难，因为当时妇女不允许上学。因此，居里夫人不得不在秘密班级学习。C. By the time she reached college, Curie was able to understand five languages that top scientists spoke at that time. 当她上大学时，居里夫人已经能听懂当时顶尖科学家说的五种语言。D. Often working hour after hour and day after day. Curie devoted herself to solving challenging problems and learning from her mistakes. 经常工作一小时又一小时，日复一日。居里夫人致力于解决具有挑战性的问题并从她的错误中学习。根据第三段的分组The third group read about the scientists' intellectual struggles, as they tried different experiments--- and failed.，可知第三组读的是科学家们的智力斗争，因为他们尝试了不同的实验——但失败了。故选D。